Category: Estate Planning

Now It’s Available for You!

Featured by YOUR BUSINESS WORTH, posted in Business Growth and Transition, Company Wealth, Estate Planning, Executive Benefits, Inside Sale, Key People_Or Group, Passive Ownership, Selling Your Business, Strategies of growing business

IN THE “John F. Kennedy Era” 

Business Owners Created Substantial Wealth Using This Benefit!  

Business owners are the most susceptible to it…

Don’t feel bad if this happens to you! 

 WE are susceptible to “not knowing” things WE need to know TO SECURE OUR business growth.

This is why WE need good business advisors.   

However, sometimes by not knowing, you are too late to the party, and opportunities are missed.

THIS IS ONE THING YOU NEED TO KNOW!

It is called “The Corporate Equity Executive Plan”, (OR CEEP.)  It is designed for highly paid business owners and executives.  The plan has been around since the 60’s, and it was used by the “big guns “of the Fortune 500 type companies.  

And You Don’t Want to Be Late TO THIS PARTY!

However, over the years, the plans have been redesigned for the smaller business owner, making it possible for you to take advantage of this substantial benefit plan.  

Because this benefit has been used in large companies such as the S&P 500, many advisors are not aware of this “Hidden Gem of a Benefit.”

Leo had a successful business in wholesale.  He gave his employees great benefits, treated them well, had a 401k, and great health benefits. 

His problem was the 401k limited the amount of contribution he personally could make to the plan because of his high salary.  This was a problem for Leo, because even though he made 401k contributions his percentage of final pay was much lower compared to final earnings. 

Leo didn’t want to depend on selling his business for his retirement, as he had children and grandchildren who wanted to run it and Leo regarded his company as a legacy to his family. 

 Leo wanted his company to support his future security, however, the 401k limited this ability.  

When we projected his retirement benefit percentage compared to his final pay, he was substantially lower than his lower paid employees.   His employee group would retire with social security and their retirement benefit at about 65-80% of their final earnings.   In Leo’s case, his percentage would be about 40% of his final earnings.     

To make up the difference we introduced Leo to the CEEP plan.  The plan allowed him to decide the number of deposits he wanted to make into the plan.  Leo decided to put in $50,000 more a year until his retirement.  This added amount, would increase his final income to around 80-90% of his final pay, adjusted for inflation and salary increases. 

Because the business is funding his retirement plan, he has the benefit of having very efficient tax results.   The plan allowed Leo to use the funds whenever needed, and all withdrawals were tax-free.  Leo was the only participant in the plan, but he plans on adding a few family members to the plan in the future. 

 Considering all the withdrawals would be tax-free, unlike a qualified 401k plan, Leo was able to secure his financial security through the funding by his company! Because very little of the contribution is part of his total compensation, Leo saw a great opportunity for the company to pay for his retirement. They pay for his cars, country club, lunches, some vacations, why not his retirement?

This was a case where the CEEP allowed the highly paid owner to create wealth for themselves, but also on a tax-free basis, allowing more flexibility at retirement for him and his family.  

“Create Your Own “Tax-Free Haven”

By using your company’s cash flow, you can create a tax-free retirement plan. Imagine, no taxes on your income when you retire!

  • Participations: You do not have to include anyone else in the plan. 
  • Contributions: Contribute to the plan as much as you want with flexible contributions, including skipping ability.  
  • Contribution allocation: All the contributions go to your account, and you are not forced to share contributions with anyone.
  • Usage of funds: You can withdraw these funds before 59 1/2 without taxes, penalty, or restriction-why not fund your inventory this way- without a banker! 
  • Funded by your company:   Like a 401k plan, your company contributes to the plan, to your account, since you are the only participant.  
  • Deductible: The company can decide when they wish to take the deduction of the plan.  
  • At Death:  From day one there is a “self-completion clause”, if you die, a tax-free lump sum benefit is paid to your family. In most cases this is the amount of money you would have created in retirement had you lived to retirement. 
  • No force out like RMD: At retirement you are not forced to take withdrawals from your plan, like the required minimum distribution rules under 401k’s and IRA’S.  
  • No Tax on Inheritance:  All benefits are tax-free to your family at your death.
  • more….

Do you remember When?  

When you were a kid, did you ever lay down in freshly mowed green grass and stare up at the blue sky and watch the clouds move?  You smelled the sweetness of the cut grass and just felt so relaxed?  In the background, you hear a twin-engine airplane flying above.  This is the moment in time when there were no issues in life, things were great and easy, and you were so relaxed…

Imagine that feeling, but now it’s at a time in life where you are ready to enjoy more time to “lay in the grass” again and feel that same feeling.  Only now, you are retired, and because you made the right planning decisions, there are no issues.  Financially, you are enjoying a wonderful retirement lifestyle.  The reason: you eliminated income taxes!   You are living the tax-free lifestyle which the CEEP plan offers.   

That is what the CEEP can create for you, and I want to give you more information about it because it is

one of the best benefits ever for business owners.

This is one of those moments you don’t want to show up late for the party!  If you haven’t been exposed to this type of executive benefit, do yourself a favor and download this Free White Paper that explains it all.

I encourage you to take a new path that will give you the opportunity to create greater financial wealth for your future.  A path that will educate you on the great usage of business cash flow to create more financial security.  The path you want to take is to request this free report, download it and spend some time learning about this fabulous benefit used by many high earning business owners and executives since the “John Fitzgerald Kennedy Era”. 

To receive your FREE WHITE PAPER, SCAN THE QR CODE.   COMPLETE the short form and your FREE WHITE PAPER WILL DOWNLOAD IMMEDIATELY…

Or CLICK OR TYPE IN

P.S. SPECIAL OFFER: The first 15 requests will receive a free copy of my book, “Unlocking Your Business DNA”.  A BOOK filled with business strategies that will allow you to grow your business and create an ungodly amount of leisure time to enjoy what you are building. 

https://bit.ly/3WjP0yw

Estate Planning Chaos for the Business Owners

by YOUR BUSINESS WORTH, posted in Business Growth and Transition, Company Wealth, Estate Planning, Executive Benefits, Income from your business, Inside Sale, Key People_Or Group, Life Insurance Types, retirement, Selling Your Business, Strategies of growing business, Tax Efficient

Why do some Business Owners have higher costs than others when…

–      They settle their estates…
–      They retire…
–      They transfer their business….
Let’s call the above items, “triggers” 
Over the years I have had the experience of seeing the end results of the estate settlement process for many business owners. In many cases the results were not pretty because of the excess settlement costs. From my own experiences and case studies with associates, I have come to the realization that some business owners have higher estate transfer costs than other business owners. The interesting thing is the excess costs can be controlled by the estate owner. 

Business owners usually have more value in their estates because of business values and settling the estate can be usually more complex. But as mentioned, in my opinion, there are controllable aspects of the costs and ways to mitigate these costs.

Estate transfers Cost: Three major reasons for higher costs!

 No planning: This includes not having any plan, or not updating any earlier planning. Their estates are complex, and they need more than surface planning when their situation calls for more complex planning to carry out their goals. This takes more time and money. Without it they pay a price in estate settlement because they designed the wrong plan or have no plan at all. 

No time: In many cases, there isn’t any time to make changes. It is too late! All the changes should have been made in advance. Therefore, working on their business and estates yearly is a major benefit as opposed to waiting until it’s “too late”. 

Owners don’t spend enough time asking the “what if’s” of their situations. Every year many changes come out of Washington that affect business and estate planning. Being unaware of these changes makes them vulnerable to excessive estate settlement costs. In many cases the business owner loses by default. 

No liquidity: Settling the estate takes money. In many cases, most of the wealth is in the business and other personal hard assets which are difficult to turn into cash within a o  brief period.

§  Even if they could be liquidated, they either run the risk of losing value, or causing major tax issues. Consequently, the estate is open until the taxes are paid and dissolution of assets is completed, causing major costs. Wealth gets stuck in business and its value is at the mercy of the market and other economic factors. 

§  To prevent the lack of liquidity, we suggest that business owners use the business cash flow to create executive compensation plans with tax-free death benefits, and tax-free withdrawals. By doing this they create liquidity. When an estate owner dies, there is a guarantee that a tax-free death benefit will create the liquidity needed. Funded by the company cash flow. 

Succession of the Business

No planning within the business for successor management. No building of a key group or key person to learn the business as an owner. Consequently , when the time for transition is near, there aren’t many options. This affects the “most potential value” of the business. The time to start planning transition of the business is when you start your business or buy a business! The key group is also the group that starts to define the culture of the business, making it easier to attract talented employees. 

 No systematizing of the business- the owner has not taken the time to prepare systems. Everything is in their heads, literally. There are no written down notes, no manuals or guides to pass on the instructions to others. “In simpler terms, the boss must be around for things to get done.”   This limits the future ability to sell the business. Purchasers are looking to buy a business that has growth potential. Nor do purchasers in most cases want to invest in a company that has to restructure its operations. A purchaser is not likely to invest in a company where systems are not in place, and which are not transferable. 

  No development of “value drivers” to create growth and culture. Consequently, there is no culture, systems, and no middle management to take on responsibilities or a group to transfer the business to as mentioned above. This is a major issue with companies. A true test is asking the business owner if they can take 30 or more days off a year. If not, I tell them they have a job, but not a business. The owner of the business has not let go of the control they have of the business. It’s the business that controls the owner. 

Retirement Planning and Why the Wrong Type Causes Chaos!

 The wrong type of retirement plan- although qualified plans like 401k’s or profit-sharing plans are good for rank and file. They are not always the best retirement vehicle for high income business owners for a few reasons. Qualified plans are riddled with rules that business owners don’t need in their life. Qualified plans are needed in the company to attract employees, so in many cases, they are a particularly good method of attracting employees. However, for the business owner, Executive Compensation plans are more useful. Here are why qualified plans can be a thorn in the side of the high earning business owner:   

  • No discretion as to who gets what amount in the plan-meaning the owner doesn’t get 100% of the distributed amount.
  • Who is to be in the plan- The owner can’t discriminate as to who should take part in the plan
  •  No use of money 59 1/2 without penalty- Business owners are always looking for cash to support their businesses. The inability to withdraw funds from their retirement account is problematic when funds are needed
  •   Age 72 RMD forcing high income owners to pay more taxes- business owners usually have other assets to rely on for income. It could be passive income from rents, income from the business and income from investments. 
  •   IRS in your life – Qualified plans need to file with IRS. However, if business owners used executive compensation plans, this is something they could avoid. 

Many business owners can use executive compensation programs to develop wealth outside of their businesses and get great tax efficiency. For example, using a “Corporate Equity Executive Plan” will allow the owner of a company to use the company cash flow, pay 10% of the tax they would pay under a pension plan, and create a tax-free family bank. The family bank allows the owner to use the money, tax-free, any way they wish. Also, they are not forced to take the money out when they are retired. 

For more information about business planning, I am offering YOU A FREE copy of my eBook, “Unlocking Your Business DNA” FREE Business guide which will help you understand some of the planning concepts used in retirement planning, business succession and estate planning. CLICK HERE for your free download. Your book will be downloaded automatically. 

If any problems with your download please email me; tperrone@necgginc.com

Someday You Will Leave Your Business By Retirement, Death, Disability Or Drop Dead At Your Desk! Do You Have A Method Of Taking Your Business Equity With You In A Tax Efficient Way?

Featured by YOUR BUSINESS WORTH, posted in Business Growth and Transition, Buy and Sell Agreements, Company Wealth, Estate Planning, evaluations, Income from your business, Selling Your Business, Strategies of growing business, Tax Efficient, Valuation, Value drivers

There are millions of small businesses in the United States, and many of them have something in common, and that is that they do not have a succession plan.  

I have heard figures like 80% or higher do not have a succession plan. Over 50% of the companies that have a succession plan, have either outdated plans, or incomplete plans.  

Why is this an over whelming problem with small business owners? Why would a business owner not want to make sure their “lifetime of effort” isn’t lost because of a lack of planning? 

SCENARIO: Someday all business owners will leave their business, either by retirement, death, disability, or just drop dead at their desks.  

 There will be a great loss in the value of the company because of this lack of planning, and consequently, the owner or the family will not receive the true potential value of the business. 

While I cannot explain why business owners do not do their planning, I can tell you some of the reasons the business owners and their family will not get the true value of their company when one of the three triggers occurs (retirement, death, and disability) They would be: 

Lack of planning -. They do not implement systems such as value drivers’ systems, next middle management, systematizing procedures, and others business building procedures. These are the elements that create the future value which a purchaser looks for when buying a business. 

The lack of planning also includes the failure to develop a middle management which could take over most of the tasks of the owner. By not creating a middle management, it leaves the owner as the indispensable person, the essential person in the firm. This is a dangerous position for the future of the company. It may be the greatest threat to the future value of the business.  Like anything else, when you lose the essential indispensable part of a machine, the machine will not work.  This is the same for the company when the owner is the “essential and indispensable” employee.  

Time- Most systems need time to develop and cultivate when building a business. Processes and systems need years to mature and create the potential value of the company. Consequently, when the owner gets near retirement with no more road left to plan, it is too late. Selling the business at the most potential value is not attainable. 

No liquidity: Many business owners put too much of their wealth in the business, such as inventory, machinery, receivables, and benefits, to name a few. They do not make the adjustment to using business cash flow to create wealth outside of the business, like pension plans, executive compensation plans, and other value building programs. Consequently, when capital is needed, it is hard to raise it, and is not readily available to the owner when needed the most.  

When business owners, decide they want to retire, and leave their business, they find themselves in a conflicted position. Because they did not take the time to plan, they have run out of time, and they will not yield the value they would have normally received if they had done planning over the years.  

The only options they may have:  

  • Sell at a reduced price 
  • Stay in the business until they find a buyer willing to buy at this price 
  • Continue in the business to fund their “retirement years” 

The bottom line is to start your planning early. My suggestion would be on the day you buy or start your business, start implementing a transition plan, as most of the transition planning requires an extended period in order to implement.  

Get your free Business Transition Commonly Asked Questions Report! Click here! 

Unknown Ways You “Shipwreck” Your Business!

Featured by YOUR BUSINESS WORTH, posted in Business Growth and Transition, Estate Planning, Strategies of growing business, Value drivers, Working On Your Business

This blog post is for the business owners who want to make sure their planning is solid and won’t shipwreck their businesses, estates, and legacy.  However, because of past experiences dealing with some professionals, their planning is incomplete, and they have put their financial planning on hold.  In summary, they are motivated to make sure they have good plans but are frustrated with the system of getting their planning efficiently completed.  

Throughout my career I have often wondered why business owners put things off that should not be delayed, as the price of doing nothing can be very costly. Ask any attorney how many unsigned wills they have in their file cabinets and watch them roll their eyes.

I have concluded owners end up with incomplete plans because of the way some professional advisors work with the business owners [1].   

  1. Advisors have their own agenda and put the business owner’s aside.
  2. Advisors don’t work together to share knowledge about the business owner to maximize the effectiveness of the planning. 
  3. They protect their territory and don’t share information.
  4. They make planning more complicated than it needs to be.
  5. They are not good listeners.  
  6. They tell the business owner, as opposed to asking, them what they want. 
  7. Brevity- Business owners really like to get things done.  Advisors in many cases are not efficient time managers when it comes to presenting ideas to business owners.  
  8. Many advisors come to meetings without preparation and wing it. 
  9. In some cases, business owners don’t trust their advisors. 
  10. Some advisors are not open to educating themselves in other planning areas, and neglect bringing in a specialist for the purpose of protecting their planning turf. Consequently, the business owner never gets exposed to the planning that needs to be done. 

 Keep in mind that most business owners have many opportunities to plan, however, they are frustrated from their past experiences and give up, never getting their plans completed.   

Communication with the business owner

Business owners are busy people.  To get their attention requires communication skills. 

Business owners are looking for someone they can trust to get these things done.   Someone they can rely on, and someone who will take the time to really understand what it is that they want and need to do in their planning.  

Your Ears

You have two ears and one mouth. Get it?   By asking poignant questions and listening, you can learn much about the business owner. Let me show you by an example.  Recently I was referred to, and helped, a business owner named Bill. Bill was frustrated that he hadn’t done particularly good planning. 

Our first conversation was about estate planning. I asked him, “up to now, what has been the extent of your estate planning”? He said he had a will but did it many years ago. 

I asked him if he knew who Doris Day was, and told him a story of when Doris Days’ husband died (he was her manager and took care of every detail in her life), she found herself in a huge dilemma. You see, she never bothered to know anything about her business arrangements. She avoided the business part of her life. She left it up to her husband 100%. He died in his 40’s of a heart attack. Because she did not have any knowledge of the personal estate and business estate arrangements, she ended up owing a fortune to the IRS in income and estate taxes. 

Bill, “I am sure the last thing you want to happen is to have your wife end up being like Doris Day.” He agreed. 

“How much do you discuss estate planning with your spouse?” Followed by the question “Do you have an estate equalization plan for your children”?   Our discussion lasted over an hour, while I asked questions and took notes.

How many business owners do you know who died at the right time? In other words, they die when they start things (new loans for expansion), or in the middle of things like expanding key groups in the business, but they never seem to die after they finished something. 

They never die at a good time, and because of that, they normally have chaos in their estates, causing hardship during the estate settlement phase, costing much more to settle their estates. 

My question to Bill was, “Someday you will leave your business by death, disability, or retirement”.  What plans have you made to take your equity of your business with you in a favorable manner”? 

You see most business owners haven’t planned for this transition. When the time comes to retire, they can’t get their money out of the business, they don’t have any updated plans, and they have no time to adjust. Consequently, their “Lifetime of effort” is stuck in the business. If they tried to sell it, they wouldn’t get the true potential value from the business, because of a lack of planning.  Normally they want out and end up selling at a discount. They don’t have time to create a better value because they have run out of time. They haven’t done the necessary planning to build systems in the business to increase market value.

The business poured out the gravy!

By the time they want to retire, they have been used to a nice lifestyle, supported by the business.  This may include the social club, lunches, luxury vacations, entertainment, and in other areas of their life.

Because they can’t get the value they need out of the business, they are forced to stay in the business and hope it can continue being profitable, even though the business owner doesn’t have the heart to run hard any longer. In most cases, the business owner is trapped in their own creation. [1]     

Building value in your business takes a long time to create the systems and strategies to maximize the fullest potential value.  Unless the business owner takes the time to discuss this with advisors, implement value drivers and systems needed; they will never realize the greatest value of their business.  

 As Bill and I talked, he realized the story of his business and future needed to change. 

My story is really about business owners that pour a “lifetime of effort” in their business but don’t put the necessary time and consideration in how to get their “lifetime of effort” out of the business when they or their family need it the most.   

The business poured out the gravy!

By the time they want to retire, they have been used to a nice lifestyle, supported by the business.  This may include the social club, lunches, luxury vacations, entertainment, and in other areas of their life.

Because they can’t get the value they need out of the business, they are forced to stay in the business and hope it can continue being profitable, even though the business owner doesn’t have the heart to run hard any longer. In most cases, the business owner is trapped in their own creation. [1]     

Building value in your business takes a long time to create the systems and strategies to maximize the fullest potential value.  Unless the business owner takes the time to discuss this with advisors, implement value drivers and systems needed; they will never realize the greatest value of their business.  

 As Bill and I talked, he realized the story of his business and future needed to change. 

My story is really about business owners that pour a “lifetime of effort” in their business but don’t put the necessary time and consideration in how to get their “lifetime of effort” out of the business when they or their family need it the most.   

The Indispensable Owner

 The problem was that nobody else knew what Bill knew. Nobody would know what to do if something happened to Bill.  He was an indispensable owner and an essential employee.   He knew the clients, vendors, bankers, advisors, and the key people he needed to know to run his business.  

I told him that when a motor loses its “indispensable and essential part”, the motor will not run any longer.  I told him when he dies, retires, becomes ill, and leaves his business, the “indispensable part” will destroy his “lifetime of effort”.  

That resonated with Bill.  We are now working on building a middle management and putting together an estate plan and a succession plan.  

MESSAGE TO PROFESSIONALS:  

When dealing with business owners keep in mind that they are focused.  They don’t like complexity, and they want to completely understand everything before they make any decisions on issues.  Listen to them and ask them questions.

To Business Owners

Business owners make a big mistake by not putting in the effort and being aware of the other parts of their business.  They don’t need to learn it, but they need to be aware of it.  By not being aware of certain parts of business planning, they end up in a financial chaos situation. 

The solution is to have discussions with your advisors regularly about the different areas of your business that you are not involved in.  Such as; succession planning, estate planning, keeping your key group, executive compensation plans.  These are areas that need to be reviewed and considered.   Without them you will “shipwreck” your family legacy or create missed opportunities. 

In my practice I have set up a bi-monthly sessions to cover issues and topics for our business owners.  This keeps them up to date and gives them a resource to address other issues.  

[1] If he sold his business, paid all the taxes and fees (which would reduce his net value by about 40-50%), and then took that value and invested it at 3-4% (to avoid taking risks), his return would probably be much less than the perks and income he was taking from the business.  And that is what provided his lifestyle.  

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[1] Professional financial advisors (anyone who is giving financial advice to business owners)

LISTEN to my podcast and feel free to share it with others.

https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/building-and-protecting-your-business-worth/id1539791693

The Costly KNEE JERK FINANCIAL SUGGESTION!

Featured by YOUR BUSINESS WORTH, posted in Business Growth and Transition, Company Wealth, Estate Planning, Executive Benefits, Income from your business, Life Insurance Types, Passive Ownership, Tax Efficient, Tax Free Income, Uncategorized

Over the years, I have been asked by business owners how they can use their company to create more tax deductions and to build retirement funds for themselves. When you put tax deductions and retirement funds in the same sentence, it suggests the vanilla response, of a pension plan of some type or a contributory retirement plan, like a profit-sharing plan, or a 401k. 

However, is that what a business owner is really asking? Or, do they mean, they would like to build retirement funds through the business and assume they can get tax deductions? Or do both elements co-exist in the plan that they are thinking of? I think most advisors would suggest a 401k plan, a cash balance plan, a simple plan, or a profit-sharing plan for example. 

 This is what I call the costly, KNEE JERK REACTION. When asked by a business owner, about retirement plans, I have learned to slow it down and ask the business owner to clarify exactly what they are trying to accomplish, rather than rattle off a KNEE JERK response, such as a “profit sharing plan, or 401k plan”. 

Questions like:  

–      Do you want to include everyone in the plan? 

–      Do you only want to favor yourself and family? 

–      Are you trying to give a benefit to a specific employee?

Do you want all the contributions to end up in your account, or are you willing to share with other employees? If so, how many and who?

If the employer/employee is trying to stockpile contributions to their account, they will have limitations with money purchase plans (limitations on contributions for 2022 of $58,000.) This makes it hard to deposit substantial amounts of money into the employer’s individual account, since they must include everyone. 

Based on the response, this will determine how I design the plan. If he wants to spread the dollar among the group, you are talking about a qualified retirement plan. On the other hand, if they want limitations as to who can be involved, they are speaking about a non-qualified executive compensation plan. 

In this model, I compared two scenarios so my client would have an idea of the difference in absolute dollars. I based the model on conservative values and returns, staying consistent with both types of plans. I am comparing a CEEP to a Hypothetical Pension plan (money purchase plan). [i]

As you can see in the chart below, based on the same parameters for each plan, the CEEP program created much more retirement benefits for the owner than a qualified retirement plan. 

The owner participant received a much higher payout (tax-free), than the pension plan. In addition, if the owner died, from day one, the CEEP plan would pay a substantial tax-free amount to the family, while the qualified plan would only pay what was in the account which would be taxable to the beneficiary. The CEEP death benefit would be 100% tax free and would not be required to be withdrawn at death, or older ages like a pension or IRA plan would. 

Once you compare a CEEP to the Pension plan, you can then see why defining exactly what the owner wants to accomplish is important as both plans offer different benefits and different tax scenarios. 

KNEE JERK advice happens more than you think! And when it does, it can cost your client a lot of money, NOT to mention your reputation as an advisor. 

In this case, the “Knee Jerk” suggestion to use a pension plan to solve the problem, shortchanged the business owner from having greater benefits for the future when compared to the suggested pension plan. 

[i] In this scenario, the owner could only put in $30,000 of contribution out of the $50,000.  Based on a five many company and different salary ranges. 

REQUEST our free Business Essentials Report.  This report is more than a report, it is a resource and guide to many planning ideas for business owners.  It is an immediate download CLICK TO RECEIVE. 

Rushing Through the Most Important Document in Your Business!

Featured by YOUR BUSINESS WORTH, posted in Buy and Sell Agreements, Company Wealth, Estate Planning, evaluations, Funding your Buy and Sell, Life Insurance Types, Selling Your Business, Uncategorized, Valuation

In my career I have experienced several business owners rushing through the implementation stages of designing their buy and sell agreement (BSA), probably one of the most important documents they will ever need, treating the process with little thought.   As Rodney Dangerfield would say, “No respect”.  When it was completed, it was very basic, doing more harm than good. 

In some cases, maybe more than I think, the document being used by the drafting attorney was a “hand me down” from another attorney.  While the “hand me down form” may have been useful in drafting another person’s situation and making it easier for the drafting attorney to do, it was not going to maximize my client’s planning situation.

In Paul Hood’s great book, “Buy And Sell Agreements, Last Will And Testament For Your Business”, he covers the consequences of not designing the right buy and sell agreement, and how important it is to spend the time and money preparing and designing this important document, with an experienced lawyer.  [i]

Paul specifically speaks about attorneys using a “hand me down agreement”, and how it may be more harmful by having it than not. 

The “Paul Hood Fire Drill”

He uses the idea of the “fire drill”. What happens when a “trigger happens? What will be the outcome and the consequences based on how your BSA is set up (or not set up), when you play it out. Like you were the leaving owner, and then again as the remaining owner.  On a personal note, the “fire drill” advocated by Paul is something I use all the time and has been instrumental helping my clients and their attorneys in drafting the proper strategies for their situations.  I have found that this has been a great way of helping my clients design the best BSA for themselves. It has allowed them to make it real and start developing questions and ideas that they can implement in their design. It keeps them involved with the process.

The “Fire Drill” strategy has put my clients in the “power seat” of knowledge, so when they discuss their BSA with their attorney, the elements and strategies that are being used are not foreign to them. This consequently helps them design a better BSA, reducing the time needed to spend with their attorney ($$$$$).    

Keep in mind, many business owners start the process of designing the BSA when there has been no experience of consequences with an owner or co-owner leaving the company. 

Everyone is Equal at the Start!

When owners design their BSA, they are all equal in status.  People that enter into agreements want the agreement to favor them when a triggering event happens, even if the agreement has not been updated in years or there is no reference to the triggering event. 

When are clients initially design their BSA, it probably will be one of the few times that all the partners will be negotiating with each other, because when there is a triggering event, chances are they will be negotiating with someone other than their co-owner.  

The representative of the departing co-owner will have a different perspective as to what they want out of the BSA!  Whether it is the spouse, their child, their law firm, whomever, they will be negotiating from a different point of interest.

Business relationships, and friendships are put aside.  It is at this point you would hope your BSA covers all the areas of concern that need to be covered.  The bottom line is the agreement must be exact as to what will specifically happen based on the triggering event.  There is no room for errors if the document is specific.  The best time to do this is when everyone is on equal ground. 

For this reason, owners designing their BSA with their attorney should take it very seriously because they are really pre-negotiating for the people, they love the most without any certainty of which trigger will occur and which side of the trigger they will be on, leaving or a remaining co-owner.

It is extremely important that the triggering events be identified and that you will understand what will occur with each trigger event.  

Paul Hood’s “fire drill” has made it easier for my clients to understand the importance of designing a solid BSA.  By posing questions to the scenario, the BSA becomes very real to them.  

Examples of how they would play out the “fire drill”  

·       What if you’re the first co-owner to leave?

·       What if you’re the last remaining original owner? 

·       What if you end up with a co-owner you don’t want to be owners with? 

·       What happens if one of your co-owners, dies, divorces, or goes bankrupt?  

      By implementing your “fire drill”, you will start to formulate different scenarios for your own situation creating your own buy and sell design.  

This is a critical document in keeping your business going should a trigger happen to any of the co-owners.  Unfortunately, you must deal with it in advance and before there is a triggering event. 

Risks when implementing your BSA:  

·       Using an attorney who is using a fill in the blank form.

·       Not planning the scenarios before designing the plan. 

·       Not having a BSA.

·       Not signing it. 

·       No dealing with how to fund such triggers.  

There are so many elements to the buy and sell agreement that need to be covered, the planning of this document can’t be taken lightly.  However, that is not to say you can’t have a great BSA.  Having experienced professionals to help guide you through the process will pay off great benefits in designing and implementing your BSA. 

We suggest you find competent counsel who has experience in designing the buy and sell agreements and discuss your goals and objectives with them. 

Again, my best advice is pick up Paul Hoods book (“Buy and Sell Agreements, last will and testament for your businesss”.) Read and study it. 

 If you would like our free Business Succession and Transition Planning Guide, click the link and we will send you a FREE WHITE PAPER to get you started. in your planning.   YOUR FREE GUIDE

[i] E. Paul Hood is a prolific technical author. He has published a number of books on planning and is one of the leaders in estate planning and business succession planning.  

The Easy Process To Identify and To Solve The Problems!

Featured by YOUR BUSINESS WORTH, posted in Business Growth and Transition, Buy and Sell Agreements, Company Wealth, Estate Planning, evaluations, Income from your business, Inside Sale, Key People_Or Group, Passive Ownership, Selling Your Business, Strategies of growing business, Tax Efficient, Team, Valuation, Working On Your Business

The Easy Process To Identify and To Solve The Problems!

Excerpts from My book, “Unlocking Your Business DNA”

The One Page Solution!

As we start the process of fixing the problems, they need to be identified. In chapter 1, I discussed how the business owner needs to find their “Business DNA”. Again, this is about focus and asking the right questions, and giving the business owners the amount of time, they need to think it through.

I break down the issues into two categories, BUSINESS GROWTH AND TRANSITION.

Business Growth: Focuses on the business itself such as the strategies needed to grow the business, the systems, the culture, and its employees. It is all about the business future.

Transition: Focuses on the categories that relate to the owners, and the changes they need to make in their personal life because the business is growing.

I keep these categories separate because the issues concerning the business growth are different than the owners transition issues. However, as the business growth changes, it affects the transition of the owners, and vice versa.

It is very important that the business owner is committed to fixing their problems.  If they are not, the first time they have a business roadblock, they will tend to put planning on the back burner.  This is a mistake, because most of the time it does not resurface until there is a crisis.

However, in our planning we do create action plans in small steps. Having a team of advisors working together creates the ability to complete the small steps needed to accomplish our goals.

An Example:

A perfect example was when a company we were working with had plateaued in growth and wanted to create more business growth. When we went through some of the planning questions, I realized the owner had spent no time systemizing their business.

The owner had no documentation of operational systems of his business, but instead it was all in his head. He would delegate the tasks to his employees like a drill sergeant.  He never even thought of the fact that there was no continuity in his business, consequently, if something happened to him, the business would have ended.

I asked him, “could you go on vacation for three months and not check in during that time”?

He looked at me and laughed, replying, “are you kidding this place would fold in seven days.”

I replied, at least you are real, the sad part however is you do not have a business, you have a job. You have a position, a paycheck, and a place to go, but you do not have a business.

He looked at me dazed! But he knew I was right.

The Process Using “One Page Solutions”, will keep everyone on track.

To uncover the issues and problems with the business owner we go over the main subjects called “ONE PAGE SOLUTIONS.”  On any subject there are always a few directions in which the business owner can go. We discuss them and analyze what are the most important subjects the business owner needs to deal with currently. “THE ONE PAGE SOLUTIONS” ARE LISTED BELOW.

Each Subject has a few sub-topics we review with the owners. As we DISCUSS the One Page Solutions, we find the strategies which will solve the issues. Once we are done with the subject, we move on to the next One Page Solution, if any.

THE FOCUS AREAS of the “One Page Solution” ARE:

1-Sale of Business (outside)/ Evaluation Methods/Timing

2- Inside Transition (Family, Co-Owners, or Key Employee/s)

3-Passive Ownership- Owner wants to still run the business, but take long trips

4-Retirement; defining and preparing

5-Wealth Accumulation & Asset Protection (both in and out of the business)

6-Premature Death- Consequences

7- Estate Distribution- updating

8- Life Insurance Contracts and Benefits

9-Legacy Planning / Management of Legacy

10-Disability and Illness, Medicare, and Medicaid

11-Key Employee Retention- and Creating A Culture

12-Key Employee Owner’s Manual- systematically creating company manual, business coaching, marketing proceedures

13-Corporate Benefits and Retirement- cost and efficiency

14-Qualified Plans and Personal Liabilities- Executive Compensation

15-Family Relationships/Employee Relationships/Human Resource

We helped a business owner recently with the problem of not having business growth over a prolonged period of time.  The solution was to put in place strategies that would create transferable values for the future.

They included things like creating key group, documentation, standard procedure, diversification, and growth strategies.

In this case we realized this will take some time to implement. The owner was under no delusion that this will be done in one year. Most importantly the owner started the process. A few years from now he will see the outcomes in all its glory. Because we have experts in our toolbox, we shared our professional advisors with our client for coaching purposes, and education.

Besides implementing a few systems, they will also do a business appraisal every two years. Over a period, this will help them evaluate the growth of their company by implementing the systems suggested.

By doing this the company could allow for better planning in the future, and adjust the path towards financial security, and business growth.

One of the key elements to helping Business owners solve problems is to also identify the roadblocks. This eliminates the surprise factor should our implementation strategy not go as planned. In one of our planning agendas, we discuss these roadblocks and try to define the subsequent issues and challenges in the future.

What is extremely important in this process is that it makes the owner aware of any potential issues they must have to deal with in the future and stay ahead of the problem curve.

Over the years what has been extremely helpful has been the communication with the team. Again, these are the client’s advisors that may or may not have been in place before we started planning. Since we update the team regularly, we are often given new advice that has been helpful in forecasting future events in the business.

We normally would not have this knowledge if we did not have the team of advisors in communication. This is one of the biggest advantages of working with the team and having periodic reviews.

We have been successful helping business owners work on their business to get issues resolved and to focus on details. We use a One-Hour a month system for the business owner to do this.  This allows the business owner the brevity they want, but also, gives them quality time to organize the details of their business. Through our step-by-step system, we help business owner cover all the key issues that are needed to cover to run your business smoothly, take more time off, earn more money and just enjoy working and life much better.  

If you would like a FREE WHITE PAPER called “Your Business Essential” which will help you organize your business, CLICK THE LINK BELOW, download the white paper. This is a 128-page guide in business planning Your Free. When you click submit on the form, your file will immediately download.  Enjoy. 

Immediate Download  

You can purchase of “Unlocking Your Business DNA”, AT Amazon. All profits to to Wounded Warrior Foundation and other Veteran groups.

Financial Leaks

Featured by YOUR BUSINESS WORTH, posted in Business Growth and Transition, Estate Planning, Strategies of growing business, Working On Your Business

If You Had a Financial Leak in Your Financial System, And It Was Going to Bust Your Financial Pipes and Bankrupt You, When Would You Want to Know About It?

Financial mistakes are made every day by many business owners without them realizing they cause leaks in their long-term plans until it is too late. 

This happened to my family 52 years ago. Because of it, I saw the devastation up close and personal. Obviously, I was so passionate about “financial mistakes,” I authored a book about it, and started a podcast to help business owners avoid making mistakes that resulted in major leaks in their lives.[i]

Many, if not most, business owners totally ignore the red flags which indicate the leaks, but go unattended, which ultimately break the pipes of the financial world of the business owner, leading to a swift exit from their businesses, and or bankruptcy. 

Having worked with business owners for many years, I have been up close and personal, to witness some of these financial mistakes. 

I am going to list several of them with the hopes they will make you more aware of the red flags when you see them. 

Mistakes and Leaks

#1. Depending on your Accountant and your Attorney for your long-term planning. 

Business owners assume by having an accountant and/ or a lawyer, they will be up to date on all the tax laws that affect them. False! Most CPAs and accountants provide specialized services and do them well. Accountant’s record history and put out tax fires if your mistake is fixable. Very few are trained in financial planning, or in-depth planning. If they are, they do not usually file tax returns for people, they are in another area of planning. 

Attorneys will keep you from doing things that may be illegal or ill-advised and create an unlawful situation in your personal and business life. They are not in the planning business, but normally in the reaction business. 

However, you may find an attorney who is proactive in planning, and looks at the whole picture, not only from the documents needed to fulfill your wishes, but also to the financial side of the equation. What good is it to have the greatest documents $10,000 can buy, but there isn’t enough cash in the estate to pay the taxes, or keep the survivors in the lifestyle you wanted them in?

#2. Not getting a certified evaluation of your business periodically. Instead, relying on formulas and fixed price values. 

If you think you know the value of your company all you need to do is look at the IRS cases where they have refuted the valuation the estate put on the business in tax court, and you will realize there is more to establishing a value on your company then just general formula.   Just because your competitor tells you they can sell their “like kind” business for 10 x earnings, doesn’t mean you can. Every business is different in its makeup and the way it is run. Consequently, so are the valuations.  I have been told by my clients;” they are using what the “association” uses for their members”? What? Do not drink the cool aid, use a certified appraiser for your appraisal and save yourself a lot of angst. 

#3. Not taking advantage of your company’s cash flow to create “executive compensation” benefits for you and your family. 

By not doing so, you are missing one of the greatest benefits your company can give to you. Your company checkbook can do much more for you and your family than your personal check book, and it is much more tax efficient. You can create a tax-free income for retirement on a fraction of the tax cost of what a pension plan would cost. Also, most of the executive benefits are not regulated by the IRS, giving you much more freedom as to how much you can save, and how long. 

#4. Not delegating responsibilities in your company. 

By not delegating tasks, you are depressing the future value of your company’s true selling price. Purchasers do not want you; they want a viable key group that knows how to run the business. By not delegating, you do not develop the key group, and potential employees that think like an owner, which is an asset for business’ growth and value. 

#5. Not systemizing the business and journalizing the systems. 

Having systems in your company, along with documentation creates a much higher purchase price of the business. A purchaser finds greater value by having a ready-made system which drives the running of your business. Systems and documentation must go together. 

#6. Not taking the time to plan your estate and incorporate your business planning. 

Who gets what, and when? What will it cost to transfer property to your family? What are the things you can do to mitigate the tax bite? Estate taxes are voluntary, and it is only the people who do not plan, who pay large taxes and estate fees. Are the family members ready to run a business? Who will run the business? These are only a few of the many questions business owners should be asking themselves. These are the areas an astute and excellent planner would ask questions about. The type of planning you do, will depend on your family, business, and estate situation. Without this type of planning, great financial pain and disruption in the business and the family can occur. 

#7. Not having an up-to-date transition and succession plan.

What will happen to your business when you retire, have a long-term illness, die, or just need to leave? What do you want to happen to it? Without a thought-out plan, there is a financial mistake and a financial leak. Since your business may make up most of your wealth, without a succession plan, you jeopardize the future value of the business along with the future financial security of the family and your loved ones. 

#8. Not having records of your business and your estate organized for your family should you die. 

You are not around, what did you want to happen to the estate and the business? Without instructions, the estate is lost as to what you wanted to happen to your business. Without instructions they do not have the permission to continue the business, pay certain bills, keep employees. At the very least, this is an area which you should have communication with your family, and documentation of instructions. 

#9. Not having a “Plan B transition,” when you have not completed a Plan A. 

So many business owners talk about having a plan of transition and succession, but never get around to getting it done. In this case you are better off having some plan, rather than not having any plan. This is the Plan B: “The JUST IN CASE PLAN.”  This is the plan that comes into effect if you were killed in a car accident on the way home from a party, but you did not have any formal plan, because all the unsigned papers were in your top drawer in your office, for the last three years, PLAN. GET my drift? 

#10. Having most of your sales come from only a few clients. 

Happens more than you can imagine, and you need to be aware of it. If this is the case, start acquiring more clients. The reasons are obvious. If you have more than 10% of your sales coming from one area, you should start acquiring more clients. What happens if that customer finds a better provider with lower prices? What happens if they are aware that you are dependent on their business? Again, it is obvious that this can be a problem if not changed. 

#11. Your professional advisors should be working as a team with each other for your benefit. 

In my book I discuss one of the best tools I used in planning for the business owners, which was having a periodic meeting with the other advisors to keep them in the loop. The benefit was to learn what they were doing for the owner, and to communicate to them, what I was doing. It helped to avoid overlapping. Also, I found that some of the members knew more about the owner’s likes and dislikes, which helped us understand their thinking, allowing the team to produce solutions that made sense and were workable. Ask yourself, how many times have all your professional advisors sat down in a room together to discuss your challenges and your dreams?

#12. Not sharing you planning with your spouse. 

It certainly makes it much easier when both spouses are on the same financial page. One of you will be the end user of your estate assets and it would be best for all parties to know what the long-range thinking is. Have a spousal business discussion periodically. It really helps. 

#13. Having the wrong type of business structure currently in your business career. 

Many times, the business structure you started with, is not the structure you should have currently. Over time, the business grows and outgrows the same business structure you started with. It could be another type of structure would be more effective for your current financial situation. I see many companies who should be an S corporation now, but have stayed in the original structure, only to pay more payroll taxes than they need too. The type of business structure you will use, is driven by tax planning and protection. It pays to discuss this aspect of your business as it may provide better protection and save taxes. Your accountant can guide you. 

#14. Not having a Buy and Sell Agreement/Business succession agreement. What is going to happen to the business at your death, or one of the seven triggers. 

You have a Buy and Sell Agreement (BSA); however, the agreement doesn’t discuss the funding of a triggering event. For example, if a partner died, life insurance would be the best choice to fund this triggering event because it would be the least expensive. However, other triggers, such as divorce, termination, bankruptcy, do not have vehicles to fund the event. The BSA must address how they will be funded? Many BSA do not address the funding of a particular trigger. Will there be a loan, a note, cash flow? It is best to discuss these areas while all the parties are living and involved. Keep in mind, that the BSA is a contract, and the parties of the agreement are liable for the payments to be made. 

#15. Not taking advantage of the income tax laws which allow you to spread some of the benefits to lower taxpayers in your family. 

Have your kids work for you and earn a salary? That salary will be at a lower cost and could be part of the funding for their college. Or changing your business structure to save taxes. As an example, becoming a S-Corp and taking a lower salary to avoid payroll taxes. There are many areas of the income tax law that favor family participation where there is a shifting of tax obligations. Your accountant would be a great resource to discuss this with. 

#16. Not taking adequate time away from your business. 

In my book (Unlocking Your Business DNA), I wrote about taking much more time off from your business. There are so many reasons to consider this. For example, I worked 80 days a year seeing clients. The other days, I worked on the business, but did not see clients, and this gave me more time freedom. This allows for more creative thinking, less stress, better family and employee relationships, and a host of other benefits. Many business owners can design this type of arrangement when they consider delegating and implementing systems in their business. This is also important for at least two reasons:  1-Employees can learn how to think like owners. 2- By taking time off you start to create great ideas for the growth of your business and help enhance your qualify of life. I call this the ideal business and personal lifestyle. 

One minute Survey assessment tool get your free Business Assessment using the One-Minute Assessment Tool. This tool will help you uncover potential mistakes and financial leaks you don’t even exists.  When you don’t know they may exist, you don’t have the choices of resolving them, or ignoring them like other KNOW MISTAKES.  This tool will do three things: 

  1. Make you aware of your current planning to this point good or bad!
  2. Make you aware of the financial mistakes planning we do.
  3. Help you formulate questions you may want to discuss

 CLICK HERE. For your One-Minute Survey

[i]“Unlocking Your Business DNA”, Thomas J. Perrone, CLU, CIC – AMAZON

Consequences Of Not Creating A Buy and sell agreement!

Featured by YOUR BUSINESS WORTH, posted in Buy and Sell Agreements, Company Wealth, Estate Planning, evaluations, Funding your Buy and Sell, Income from your business, Inside Sale, Life Insurance Types, Selling Your Business, Working On Your Business

Part 2 

BY Thomas J. Perrone, CLU, CIC 

S Corporations enjoy the advantages of limited liability, transferability of ownership and professional business operation and management. The S Corporation is taxed similarly to a partnership, as it is a pass through to the shareholders.  

The C Corporation is taxed at the Corporation level first. When the C Corporation is profitable and generates taxable profits. When profits are distributed to the individual shareholder it is taxed again when dividends are received by the shareholder.  

You will find S Corporations normally when the individual rates are lower than the Corporation rates. Also, losses in the S Corporation shareholders may benefit, by deduction, the losses on their individual tax returns.  

S Corporation requirement 

  • No more than 100 shareholders- members of family are considered one shareholder 
  • Must be a domestic corporation 
  • Only individuals, a decedent’s estate, estate of individuals in bankruptcy, and certain trusts are eligible shareholders of s Corporation 
  • No shareholder can be a nonresident alien 
  • One class of stock (different voting rights are allowed) 

Basis and S Corporation 

There is only one level of taxation in the S Corporation. That is at the shareholder’s level.  

If the shareholders basis exceeds the distribution, the shareholder usually will not be taxed when they receive the distribution.  

If the S Corporation has never filed as a C Corporation and has no retained earnings or profits, distributions received by an s Corporation shareholder are not subject to income tax if the distribution does not exceed the shareholder’s basis. Consequently, the larger the basis the greater amount of distribution can be taken tax-free.  

Quick overview of Basis 

  • nontaxable distributions of previously taxed income 
  • income distributed in the same year in which it was earned 
  • losses 
  • nondeductible expenditures such as life insurance expenses 

Keep in mind that the adjustments to shareholder basis is an ongoing procedure and will vary from their initial contribution to, or investment in, the Corporation. Usually, a service corporation will have a low basis because of the low initial investment made in these types of businesses.  

Life insurance to fund the Buy and Sell Agreement 

Life Insurance can have several advantages for S Corporations in a buy-sell agreement.  

A nondeductible expenditure such as life insurance premiums decreases a shareholders’ basis in an S Corporation. The cash value policy can help offset, eliminate, this adverse situation.  

Life insurance cash value helps offset the premium charged to the capital account. The cash value offsets the premium paid so that the decrease to the capital account is offset by the cash value of the policy.  

 As an example, if the premiums are $15,000 and the cash value increases by $12,000, then only $3,000 is charged to the capital account reducing the basis of the stockholder by $3,000. As opposed to having a term insurance policy with a premium of $4,000. The permanent coverage will have less effect on the basis reduction of the stockholder than the lower term insurance premium.  

Over a longer period, there will be in increase over the premium, consequently eliminating the basis reduction. In the term insurance scenario, the reduction of cost basis will continue. In some cases where the term must be renewed, or the term has an increasing premium, the lowering of the basis can be substantial.  

Death benefit and basis 

If the life insurance is set up as a redemption basis, it is possible to plan for an increase in basis for the remaining stockholders, by using a promissory note for the deceased stockholder before settling the life insurance claim. Since the death benefit is tax free income, it will increase the basis. Example:  there are three stockholders, A dies. Instead of making the claim on the life insurance, A is bought out using a short-term promissory note. Once completed, the death claim is filed, and proceeds will come in tax free for the remaining stockholders which will increase their basis. If the death benefit were used for the decedent, there would have been a wasting of the basis since the decedent’s estate would normally receive a stepped-up cost basis.  

Stock Redemption in S Corporation 

The buy and sell agreement are between the stockholders and the Corporation. The S Corporation owns the policy on the stockholders and is the beneficiary of the policy. Death proceeds to the Corporation are tax free and increase the basis of the stockholders. A big advantage to arranging the buy and sell agreement under an S Corporation is avoiding the alternative minimum taxes and the loss of basis found in a C Corporation.  

Cross Purchase buy and sell in s Corporation  

The arrangement all owners of a business agree upon in advance to purchase proportionate shares of the decedent shareholder’s interest. Each stockholder would own life insurance on the other stockholder(s) and be the beneficiary.  

  • Life insurance premium is a nondeductible personal expense 
  • Shareholders receive the death benefit federal income tax-free 
  • The surviving stockholder uses the funds to purchase the stock, which will increase the basis of their holdings, by the amount purchased.  

Some key issues:  

Section 318 Attribution Rules  

In a C Corporation, attributions can be avoided for tax purposes by arranging the buy and sell agreement under a Cross Purchase. Since the Corporation is not redeeming the stock, and it is the stockholder, attribution and the treatment of the redemption being treated like a dividend distribution is avoided.  

In an S Corporation, if the S Corporation does not have retained earnings or profits , it will have the same tax result as if the shares were sold or exchanged, allowing the shareholder to recover their basis tax-free, with any amounts exceeding. Basis being treated as capital gains.  

 A poorly structured buy-sell agreement could result in the loss of S Corporation status, as well as the possibility of increasing the surviving shareholder’s tax burden on future distributions from, or on, the sale of the S Corporation. However, there are some great advantages of setting up a proper buy-sell agreement which can be even greater advantages than those available to C Corporations.  

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Conclusion: 

The S corporation can be a great tool for many business owners as a corporate structure. A Buy and Sell Agreement must be carefully considered and drafted with consideration of avoiding the loss of an S Corporation Election.  

How The Buy-Sell Agreement Fits Within the Scope of An S Corporation!  

Featured by YOUR BUSINESS WORTH, posted in Business Growth and Transition, Buy and Sell Agreements, Company Wealth, Estate Planning, evaluations, Funding your Buy and Sell, Income from your business, Inside Sale, Life Insurance Types, Selling Your Business, Tax Efficient, Tax Free Income, Valuation, Working On Your Business

Part 1 

BY Thomas J. Perrone, CLU, CIC 

Normally, a business makes up a substantial portion of the owners’ net worth. Many business owners do not think about what will happen to their business in the event of their death or a life changing event (trigger).  

This article will focus on why a buy and sell is an important document, one of the most important you will need. 

We will also discuss the buy and sell agreement in the context of an S Corporation since S Corporations are extremely popular. 1 

Consequences of not creating a buy-sell Plan.  

  • Stress on the business’ cash flow or credit line having to purchase the decedents owner’s interest  
  • Unqualified and instability with employees running the company 
  • Disagreements and conflict among heirs increasing administration time and costs 
  • Lack of a market for business which may potentially represent a significant value in the estate 
  • Suppressed value much below fair market value to raise cash for estate needs 
  • Termination of the business 
  • Instability amount employees and creditors 
  • Lack of liquidity to pay estate taxes and other administration costs 
  • Stream of income to remaining family members from the business is lost 
  • Valuation disagreements and IRS litigation 
  • Nightmares of not having a Buy and Sell agreement in a S Corporation! Loss of eligibility as a S Corporation resulting in involuntary termination of the S. Corporation status 
  • Most transfers to entities such as partnership, Corporation and most trusts are prohibited transfers 
  • A termination of S Corporation status will cause the Corporation to be taxed as a C Corporation as of the day of termination creating income tax consequences to the shareholders.  
  • Corporation, which is terminated, must wait five years before making a new S Corporation election, resulting in Corporation being taxed on its net profits for five years.  
  • The surviving shareholder could face additional tax burdens on future ongoing Corporation distribution and on those made upon the sale of the Corporation 

Funding the buy and sell agreement is always a challenge to companies, because it comes down to four ways of funding a triggering event 

  1. Borrowing money from the bank 
  1. Using cash flow out of the business 
  1. Life insurance death benefit 
  1. Cash  

When you compare the costs of funding the buy and sell agreement, life insurance will be the least expensive by a long shot, in most cases, especially, based on a death trigger.  

Other triggers, like divorce, sudden removal from the firm, voluntary and non-voluntary removal from the firm, bankruptcy, and disability are triggers where there is not a death benefit being paid, but money is needed. In these cases, a promissory note may be used in conjunction with a term payout, or installment loan payout.  

However, the cash buildup of a life insurance policy could be used as a funding vehicle especially if the policy has been in force for many years.  

In Part 2 we will investigate how the buy and sell agreement fits within the scope of an S Corporation.  

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